The publication of the CODEO PVT 2020 review has generated some public interest and reaction, in particular following the EC press release of 10 December 2020 in which the Commission corrected some errors in the previously announced official statement.
In the light of these developments, the CODEO wished to respond to questions and misunderstandings about its WHP statement that have aroused some public interest and reaction.
You will find a complete summary below
PVT ESTIMATION OF CODECS, ERRORS IN SELECTION CALCULATION AND NEW PROBLEMS
Introduction
The Coalition of Domestic Election Observers (CODEO) held a press conference on Thursday
10 December 2020 to reveal their estimates of the Parallel Vote Tabulation (PVT) for presidential elections
2020, after the Ghanaian Electoral Commission (EC) announced the official results of
on Wednesday 9 December 2020.
According to the law, the EC has the power to publish the election results, and in line with CODEO protocols and international best practices, the Coalition published its estimates after the EC officially announced the results of the presidential elections.
The CODEO has been following this practice since 2008, when it introduced the PVT method for full election observation.
The PVT or sampling method was used for the first and second rounds of the 2008 presidential elections and was used for all subsequent elections (i.e. 2012, 2016 and 2020) to independently verify the validity of the official results of the presidential elections announced by the EC.
The publication of the CODEO PVT 2020 review has generated some public interest and reaction, in particular following the EC press release of 10 December 2020 in which the Commission corrected some errors in the previously announced official statement. In the light of this development, the CODEO wishes to respond to questions and misunderstandings regarding its statement on the WHP.
Election commission
miscalculation In their press release of 10. In December 2020, the EC declared that the Chairperson of Election Commission
had inadvertently used 13 433 573 votes as the total number of validly cast votes. The total number of valid votes is
13 119 460.
The CODEO finds these arithmetical errors by the EC deeply regrettable as they undermine the credibility of the Commission’s conclusions on the 9th EDF. The results of the presidential elections and other disputed parliamentary results were published in December 2020.
The CODEO considers that, given what is at stake, the EC should go beyond the passive publication of a press release and organise a public meeting to address the underlying concerns about the miscalculations identified and to address remaining concerns and doubts.
In addition, the Coalition urges the EC to ensure that the exit documents signed by the political parties in support of the Declaration Instrument are in line with the calculation sheet used to calculate the national results of the candidates in the presidential elections.
Do EU calculation errors affect CODEO scores in Parallel Voice Evaluation (PVT)?
The CODEO wishes to stress that the errors discovered and corrected by the election commission after the declaration in no way affect the results of Thursday 10. December 2020, the Coalition said the PVT assessment will affect.
The PVT is based on the data from the OEOC observers in the stationary polling stations who attended the counting and publication of the results by observing the voting procedures during the day.
The OEOC has full confidence in its PVT estimates, confirms the previously published results,
, and assures the public that the results published by the EC are closely aligned with the Coalition’s PVT estimates.
The final results published by the EC, after correction of the errors found in the original statement, are still within the confidence interval of the CODEO PVT estimates, giving additional confidence to the CODEO to confirm its position on the PVT estimates (see CODEO press release on the PVT). CODEO wants to seize this opportunity to further explain the PVT methodology. The PVT method and how it works
The PVT is an advanced and scientific method of election observation that combines established statistical principles
with information and communication technologies (ICT) for election observation. PVT
uses accredited and trained observers in a nationally representative sample of
polling stations.
In essence, the polling stations sampled reflect the characteristics of the polling stations at national, regional and constituency level, as a stratification has been applied in the sampling, making the sample nationally representative.
On election day, the PVT observers at the polling stations observe the entire election process and send reports on the conduct of the elections and the official number of votes to the central election observation database via a Short Message Service (SMS) platform in real time.
The PVT method has been used successfully worldwide to ensure voter integrity, and the
method contributes to the protection of citizens’ rights to participate in elections and to the defence of these rights in their implementation. The first PVT was carried out in 1986 in the Philippines.
This method has since been used for election observations in Bulgaria, Chile, Croatia, Guyana, Albania, Bangladesh, Belarus, Indonesia, Georgia, Macedonia, Slovakia, Montenegro, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru and Ukraine. In Africa, the methodology has already been successfully applied in Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Uganda, Burundi, Sierra Leone, Zambia, Ghana, Nigeria, Zimbabwe, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Kenya and Tunisia.
In contrast to pre-electoral polls (which follow the intentions of the voters) or exit polls (which follow the memory of the voters), the PVT is based on the actual behaviour of the voters during an election. In other words: PVT
– Observers do not talk to voters about their choices at polling stations to predict election results
.
On the contrary, after having observed the whole voting and counting process, the PVT observers record the official vote count (primary data)
announced by the voters in the polling stations and immediately transmit this information
to the Observatory by means of an encoded text message. That is why data for PVT
is collected directly from the polling stations.
PVTs for the 2020 elections On election day, the CODEO deployed 4,000 trained stationary observers at 4,000 randomly elected representative polling stations in 275 constituencies across the country.
Of the 4,000, 1,502 observers were designated as PVT observers and deployed in 1,502 polling stations
selected for PVT.
Observers observed the voting process from the arrival of the voters, the course of the vote, the end of the vote, the counting of the votes and the announcement of the results.
It should be noted that the evaluation of the elections by the PVT was carried out only for the presidential elections, which has been the practice of the CODEO since the establishment of the PVT in 2008.
In addition to the 4000 stationary observers in the polling stations, the OEOC also deployed more than 300 itinerant observers and 275 observers from the constituency assembly centres.
Data centre The
media reports and the observer reports of the OEYC data centres show that several
problems have been identified in the activities of the data centres.
This was the case in districts such as South Tehiman, Savelugu, Sefwi Vyauso, Jomoro, West Dormaa, Zabzugu, Assin, Upper West Denkeira and West-Sene.
Some felt that the incidents that occurred in these constituency comparison centres should have been relevant to the WHP results.
On the other hand, as mentioned above, the results of the MTP are based on the results announced in the polling stations, of which the observers submit reports after the results have been approved and made public by the chairpersons and representatives of the candidates present. PVT estimates are not based on data from reference locations.
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